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Oscar López Rivera (born 6 January 1943) is a Puerto Rican nationalist〔 and one of the leaders of the FALN. In 1981, López Rivera was convicted and sentenced to 55 years in federal prison for seditious conspiracy, use of force to commit robbery, interstate transportation of firearms,〔 and conspiracy to transport explosives with intent to destroy government property.〔 In 1988 he was sentenced to an additional 15 years in prison for conspiring to escape from prison.〔 López Rivera was among the 14〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Congressional Record - House : September 1999 )〕 convicted FALN members offered conditional clemency by U.S. President Bill Clinton in 1999, but rejected the offer. His sister, Zenaida López, said he refused the offer because on parole, he would be in "prison outside prison."〔 Congressman Pedro Pierluisi, has stated that "the primary reason that López Rivera did not accept the clemency offer extended to him in 1999 was because it had not also been extended to fellow FALN prisoner Carlos Torres (who was subsequently released from prison in July 2010)."〔(''Letter from Resident Commissioner Pedro L. Pierluisi to President Barack Obama.'' ) Pedro L. Perluisi. U.S. House of Representatives. 21 February 2013. Page 3. Retrieved 12 December 2013.〕 According to New York Times writer John Broder, López Rivera "refused to accept the President's offer to commute their sentences. Mr. Clinton demanded as one of the conditions of their release that the jailed Puerto Ricans renounce the use of terrorism to achieve their aim of independence for the Caribbean commonwealth."〔(12 Imprisoned Puerto Ricans Accept Clemency Conditions ), New York Times article by John Broder, September 8, 1999.〕 The continued imprisonment of López Rivera has been both opposed as well as supported by groups and individuals representing political, religious, and other various establishments. While some call him a terrorist, others call him as a political prisoner. Several U.S. Congressmen support Oscar López Rivera's release from prison.〔(''Brooklyn Group Rallies for Release of Puerto Rican Political Prisoner.'' ) Jeanine Ramírez. NY1 Warner Cable News. 25 February 2014.〕〔(''Grayson Letter Requesting Release of Oscar López-Rivera.'' ) Congressman Alan Grayson. 3 January 2004.〕〔(''Letter to President Obama Regarding Oscar López Rivera.'' ) Resident Commissioner Pedro Pierluisi. 21 February 2013.〕〔(''Serrano Sends Letter in Support of the Release of Oscar López Rivera.'' ) Congressman Jose E. Serrano. 22 November 2013.〕〔(''Rep. Gutiérrez: "It's Time" to Release Oscar López Rivera.'' ) John Dankosky. NPR News. 14 November 2013.〕 There has also been continued support for the continued incarceration of López Rivera by family members of the individuals killed by the FALN, who still see López Rivera as representing the FALN conspiracy.〔 ==Early years and personal life== Oscar López Rivera was born in San Sebastián, Puerto Rico,〔(''OLR Biography''. ) National Boricua Human Rights Network. 2014.〕 on 6 January 1943. His family moved to the U.S. when he was nine years old. At the age of 14, he moved to Chicago to live with a sister. At age 18 he was drafted into the army and served in Vietnam and awarded the Bronze Star. When he returned to Illinois from the war in 1967, he found that drugs, unemployment, housing, health care and education in the Puerto Rican community had reached dire levels and set to work in community organizations to improve the quality of life for his people.〔(''ProLIBERTAD Campaign for the Freedom of Puerto Rican Political Prisoners and Prisoners of War: Arm the Spirit'' ) ProLIBERTAD. 30 October 1995. Retrieved 11 June 2014.〕 He was a well-respected community activist and an independence leader for many years prior to his arrest.〔James, Joy (2007). ''Warfare in the American Homeland: Policing and Prison in a Penal Democracy''. Duke University Press, ISBN 0-8223-3923-4, p. 159〕 Oscar worked in the creation of both the Puerto Rican High School and the Puerto Rican Cultural Center. He was also involved in the struggle for bilingual education in public schools and to force universities to actively recruit Latino students, staff, and faculty. He worked on ending discrimination in public utilities.〔 López Rivera was one of the founders of La Escuelita Puertorriqueña, now known as the Dr. Pedro Albizu Campos High School and the Juan Antonio Corretjer Puerto Rican Cultural Center. He was a community organizer for the Northwest Community Organization (NCO), ASSPA, ASPIRA and the 1st Congregational Church of Chicago. He helped to found FREE, a half-way house for convicted drug addicts, and ALAS, an educational program for Latino prisoners at Stateville Prison in Illinois.〔Rosales, Francisco (2006). ''Dictionary of Latino Civil Rights History''. Arte Publico Press, ISBN 1-55885-347-2, p. 159〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Oscar López Rivera」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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